Saturday, March 2, 2013

Gartner Duct Cyst (Vaginal Cysts)

The Vaginal and perivaginal cysts include


 1. Vaginal Cysts

  a) Gartner Duct Cysts
  b) Bartholin Gland Cysts

 2. Perivaginal Cysts

  a) Skene Gland Cysts (Periurethral gland Cysts)
  b) Nabothian Cysts of Cervix.






Gartner Duct Cysts



'Gartner duct cysts result from incomplete regression of the wolffian ducts. These cysts most commonly develop in the anterolateral wall of the upper vagina, above the inferior border of the pubic symphysis. Gartner duct cysts are lined with nonmucinous cuboidal or columnar epithelium. When Gartner duct cysts are located at the level of the urethra, they can cause mass effect on the urethra, giving rise to urinary tract symptoms.'

(Ref - Overlooked Diseases of the Vagina: A Directed Anatomic-Pathologic Approach for Imaging Assessment October 2011 RadioGraphics, 31, 1583-1598.)



Gartner Duct Cysts as mentioned occur on the upper anterolateral vagina, whereas Batholin Gland Cysts occur in the posterolateral aspect of the lower vagina.Bartholin Cyst's location at or below the level of the pubic symphysis helps to differentiate them from Gartner duct cysts.



As name suggests the Peri-urethral gland(Skene Gland) cysts do occur in the lower periurethral region, anterior to the vagina.The Skene glands are paired structures located near the external urethral meatus, with ducts draining directly into the urethral lumen.

Urethral diverticula, which comes as a DD for Skene Gland Cyst tend to be midurethral in location

Intra Uterine Gestation with IU Contraceptive device in-situ


Simultaneous IUGS and IUCD(Cu-T)

TAS showing an Intra Uterine Gestational Sac with a fetal pole. Cardiac activity was present.



The IU Contraceptive device (Cu-T) is in-situ here.

Occurrence of an IUGS with a Cu-T in-situ is rare.

The risk of Ectopic Gestation is lower than those who use no contraceptive method.

However if a gestation occur in IUCD in-situ, there is a 3-4% chance of it being an ectopic one.

Did u know in PTE

1. D-dimer has a sensitivity and negative predictive value of 97 -100%.
2. Hampton's hump in CXR is seen in <10%.
3. Westermark's sign is seen in less than 2%.

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